Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nc6/3. Bb5/3...Bc5

3...Bc5 is the Classical defence, one of the oldest continuations. Sensing there is no immediate danger to e5, Black brings out their bishop to its most active square. However, this does not address the long-term threat to e5, and while Black's bishop is on c5 it may find itself kicked by White's c3, d4 manoeuvre. Therefore, even though 3...Bc5 appears to be a sensible developing move, it is only a minor sideline today and more common in amateur games.

4. c3, the Central variation, is the sharpest response. White intends to expand in the centre straight away with c3 and d4. Black usually replies 4...Nf6, though they also have the option of the gambit 4...f5.

Alternatively, White may wish to castle first. After 4. O-O they are ready to defend their e4 pawn with their rook. However, White has castled straight into the pin from Black's bishop, and White may need to leave their rook guarding f2.

4. Nxe5!? is a trap line where White goes for a centre fork trick, though in this position it is possible for Black to navigate it safely.

For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation..

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Bc5

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• Kasparov, Garry, & Keene, Raymond 1989 Batsford chess openings 2. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.